Thirteen protesters were arrested. 'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs'); Disclaimer - All information and content on this site are for information and educational purposes only. Minamata disease (M. d.) is methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning that occurred in humans who ingested fish and shellfish contaminated by MeHg discharged in waste water from a chemical plant (Chisso Co. Ltd.). Mercury poisoning is also a huge health risk for pregnant women, as Minamata disease is known to affect the unborn child as well. The symptom of patients were serious, and extensive lesions of the brain were observed. Minamata disease also tell us: to coexist with nature, based on the idea that we are living thanks to nature; to think about the relations among people, rivers, and the sea; to think about food which is safe; to decrease home and industrial waste and to grapple with recycling; and to tackle global problems. This resulted in many applicants being rejected by the committee, leaving them confused and frustrated. Identifying which particular poison was responsible for the disease proved to be extremely difficult and time-consuming. [49], A memorial service was held at the Minamata Disease Municipal Museum on 1 May 2006 to mark 50 years since the official discovery of the disease. In February 1959, the mercury distribution in Minamata Bay was investigated. It was in May 1956, that M. d. was first officially "discovered" in Minamata City, south-west region of Japan's Kyushu Island. Minamata disease tells us that human beings can be the perpetrators as well as the victims. The marine products in Minamata Bay displayed high levels of Hg contamination (5.61 to 35.7 ppm). Minamata disease is a disease of the central nervous system that occurs because of the methyl mercury poisoning and which is caused by the consumption of fish and shellfish contaminated with methyl mercury compounds discharged in waste water from a chemical plant. It has also been suggested that some of the mercury sulfate in the wastewater was also metabolized to methylmercury by bacteria in the sediment. [2], As of March 2001, 2,265 victims had been officially recognised as having Minamata disease (1,784 of whom had died)[3] and over 10,000 had received financial compensation from Chisso.
Local doctors and medical officials had noticed for a long time an abnormally high frequency of cerebral palsy and other infantile disorders in the Minamata area. [44] Smith and his wife were extremely dedicated to the cause of the victims of Minamata disease, closely documenting their struggle for recognition and right to compensation. Reappraisal of somatosensory disorders in methylmercury poisoning. Minamata disease caused due to water pollution is due to . 1995 Jul;70(1):47-50. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1995.1045. Log in. He has returned to Minamata many times since.[43]. Further, the fetus was poisoned by MeHg when their mothers ingested contaminated marine life (named congenital M. d.). Japan passed a law offering financial compensation to tens of thousands more victims of a mercury poisoning disaster in the 1950s blamed for generations of birth defects. The participants who had donated hair samples were not informed of their result, even when they requested it. Chisso knew of the environmental damage caused by its wastewater and was well aware that it was the prime suspect in the Minamata disease investigation. Chisso knew of the environmental damage caused by its wastewater and was well aware that it was the prime suspect in the Minamata disease investigation. On 21 October 1959, Chisso was ordered by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry to switch back its wastewater drainage from the Minamata River to Hyakken Harbour and to speed up the installation of wastewater treatment systems at the factory. In general, these symptoms deteriorated and were followed by severe convulsions, coma, and eventually death. The deception was successful and almost all parties involved in Minamata disease were duped into believing that the factory's wastewater had been made safe from December 1959 onward. [10], The Chisso factory first started acetaldehyde production in 1932, producing 210 tons that year. Tanaka’s older sister died at age eight. Lawsuits against Chisso and the prefectural and national governments are still continuing and many regard the government responses to date as inadequate. • Loss of motor control On 29 August, the fishing cooperative agreed to the mediation committee's proposal, stating: "In order to end the anxiety of the citizens, we swallow our tears and accept". Polluting wastewater had damaged the fisheries around Minamata ever since the opening of the Chisso factory in 1908. In fact, much activity on the part of the patients and fishermen took place during this period, but nothing had a significant impact on the actions of the company or the coverage of Minamata in the Japanese media. In 1908, the Chisso Corporation first opened a chemical factory in Minamata, Kumamoto Prefecture, located on the west coast of the southern island of Kyūshū. [11] Throughout, the factory's output amounted to between a quarter and a third of Japan's total acetaldehyde production. A more complete picture of the symptoms exhibited by patients was gradually uncovered. Minamata disease (M. d.) is methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning that occurred in humans who ingested fish and shellfish contaminated by MeHg discharged in waste water from a chemical plant (Chisso Co. Ltd.). The Kumamoto and Kagoshima prefectural governments conducted a joint survey in late 1960 and early 1961 into the level of mercury in the hair of people living around the Shiranui Sea.
As a group, these diseases came to be known as the four big pollution diseases of Japan.[30]. Before long, patients appeared with identical symptoms to patients living on the Shiranui Sea, and the outbreak was made public on 12 June 1965. [2] Crows had fallen from the sky, seaweed no longer grew on the sea bed, and fish floated dead on the surface of the sea. [42] Insights (Toshiko Akiyoshi – Lew Tabackin Big Band). Log in. Treatment may vary depending on severity of the condition and the symptoms present. The most dramatic testimony came from Hosokawa, who spoke on 4 July 1970 from his hospital bed where he was dying of cancer. Epub 2007 Aug 2. The disease developed without any prior warning, with patients complaining of a loss of sensation and numbness in their hands and feet. A newspaper leak in March 1970 revealed that the committee would ask Chisso to pay only ¥2 million ($5,600) for dead patients and ¥140,000 to ¥200,000 ($390 to $560) per year to surviving patients. What was not known at the time was that exactly the opposite is the case with methylmercury: the placenta removes it from the mother's bloodstream and concentrates the chemical in the foetus.
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